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Geoengineering of hydrogen energy : resourcing, storage and utilization / Hadi A. Belhaj, Mohammed Aldhuhoori
Contributor(s): Resource type: Ressourcentyp: Buch (Online)Book (Online)Language: English Publisher: Amsterdam ; Cambridge, MA : Elsevier, [2026]Description: 1 Online-Ressource (786 pages)ISBN:- 9780443328558
- 0443328552
- 9780443447730
- 665.81 23/eng/20260318
- TP359.H8
Contents:
PPN: PPN: 1970425482Package identifier: Produktsigel: BSZ-4-NLEBK-KAUB | ZDB-4-NLEBK
Front Cover -- Geoengineering of Hydrogen Energy: Resourcing, Storage and Utilization -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- About the authors -- Preface -- Acknowledgment -- Nomenclature -- 1 Hydrogen the energy carrier -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 CO2 emissions and climate change -- 1.2.1 Historical perspective on CO2 emissions -- 1.2.2 Recent CO2 emissions trends -- 1.3 Sources of CO2 emissions -- 1.3.1 Fossil fuels -- 1.3.1.1 Coal -- 1.3.1.2 Oil -- 1.3.1.3 Natural gas -- 1.3.2 Industrial processes -- 1.3.2.1 Cement production -- 1.3.2.2 Steel and aluminum manufacturing -- 1.3.3 Deforestation and land use change -- 1.4 Estimation methods for CO2 emissions -- 1.4.1 Top-down approaches -- 1.4.1.1 National emission inventories -- 1.4.1.2 Satellite monitoring -- 1.4.1.3 Global emission models -- 1.4.2 Bottom-up approaches -- 1.4.2.1 Direct emission measurements -- 1.4.2.2 Activity data and emission factors -- 1.5 Hydrogen revolution -- 1.5.1 Hydrogen's potential -- 1.5.1.1 Zero carbon emissions -- 1.5.1.2 Abundant and versatile -- 1.5.1.3 High energy density -- 1.5.1.4 Energy storage and grid stability -- 1.5.1.5 Potential for decarbonizing emissions-intensive sectors -- 1.6 State-of-the-art applications -- 1.6.1 Industrial application and utilization -- 1.6.2 Logistics and mobility -- 1.6.2.1 Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles -- 1.6.2.2 Hydrogen in rail transportation -- 1.6.2.3 Hydrogen in aviation -- 1.6.2.4 Hydrogen in marine shipping -- Exercises -- AI Disclosure -- References -- 2 Hydrogen gas characteristics -- 2.1 Hydrogen atom -- 2.2 Hydrogen molecule -- 2.3 Phase behavior -- 2.4 Physical properties -- 2.4.1 Density -- 2.4.2 Viscosity -- 2.5 Chemical properties -- 2.5.1 Solubility -- 2.5.2 Diffusivity -- 2.6 Compressibility factor -- 2.7 Flammability -- 2.8 Special features of hydrogen compared to other gases -- 2.9 Exercises.
6.5 Storage capacity and resilience -- 6.6 Natural gas storage -- 6.7 Hydrogen underground storage projects -- Exercises -- References -- 7 Geo-storage integrity -- 7.1 Introduction to energy geomechanics -- 7.2 Fundamentals of rock mechanics -- 7.2.1 Stresses and strains -- 7.2.2 Young's modulus -- 7.2.3 Poisson ratio -- 7.2.4 In situ stresses -- 7.3 Rock deformation -- 7.3.1 Elastic deformation -- 7.3.2 Viscoelastic deformation -- 7.3.3 Plastic deformation -- 7.3.4 Viscoplastic deformation -- 7.4 Creep deformation -- 7.5 Caprock integrity -- 7.6 Geo-chemical reactions impact on caprock integrity -- 7.7 Wellbore completion and leakage -- 7.8 Hydrogen storage into depleted reservoirs and aquifers -- 7.9 Hydrogen storage in salt caverns -- Exercises -- References -- 8 Geochemical envelope -- 8.1 Introduction to subsurface geochemistry -- 8.2 Geochemical reactions -- 8.3 Homogenous reactions -- 8.3.1 Solubility fundamental concept -- 8.3.1.1 Ion chromatography -- 8.3.1.2 Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry -- 8.3.1.3 Titration -- 8.3.1.4 Atomic absorption spectroscopy -- 8.3.2 Recent numerical and laboratory studies -- 8.4 Heterogenous reactions -- 8.4.1 Kinetics basics -- 8.4.2 Sandstone minerals -- 8.4.3 Carbonate minerals -- 8.5 Surface complexation -- 8.5.1 Fundamentals of surface complexation -- 8.5.2 Surface complexation models -- 8.5.2.1 Double electric layer model -- 8.5.2.2 Constant capacitance model -- 8.5.2.3 Triple layer model -- 8.5.2.4 Diffuse layer model -- 8.5.3 Recent case studies -- Exercises -- AI disclosure -- References -- 9 Geo-biological envelope -- 9.1 Microbes: bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes -- 9.1.1 Bacteria -- 9.1.2 Archaea -- 9.1.3 Eukaryotes -- 9.2 Microbial population -- 9.2.1 Metabolism and duplication -- 9.2.2 Microbial life cycle -- 9.3 Microbial growth models -- 9.3.1 Monod model -- 9.3.2 Moser model.
9.3.3 Panfilov model -- 9.3.4 Other growth models -- 9.4 Microbes in underground geological structures -- 9.5 Microbes impacts on storage efficiency -- 9.6 Recent laboratory breakthrough -- 9.7 Numerical modelling -- 9.8 Case studies -- 9.9 Exercises -- References -- 10 Cushion gases -- 10.1 Gas hydrodynamics -- 10.1.1 Hydrogen flow and injectivity -- 10.1.2 Relative permeability -- 10.1.3 Capillary pressure -- 10.2 Cushion gas concept -- 10.3 Cushion gas types -- 10.3.1 Nitrogen (N2) -- 10.3.2 Methane (CH4) -- 10.3.3 Carbon dioxide (CO2) -- 10.3.4 Comparative analysis -- 10.4 Alternative cushion gases -- Exercises -- References -- 11 Hydrogen production, separation, and purification systems -- 11.1 Introduction to separation technologies -- 11.2 Fuel reforming processes -- 11.2.1 Steam reforming -- 11.2.2 Partial oxidation reforming -- 11.2.3 Autothermal reforming -- 11.3 Gasification -- 11.4 Biomass reforming -- 11.4.1 Direct photobiolysis -- 11.4.2 Indirect photobiolysis -- 11.4.3 Biological water-gas shift -- 11.4.4 Photo fermentation -- 11.4.5 Dark fermentation -- 11.5 Surface facilities -- 11.6 Exercises -- AI Disclosure -- References -- 12 Hydrogen fuel cells technology -- 12.1 The history of fuel cells -- 12.2 The concept of fuel cells -- 12.3 Low temperature fuel cells -- 12.3.1 Alkaline fuel cells -- 12.3.2 Direct methanol fuel cells -- 12.3.3 Direct borohydride fuel cells -- 12.3.4 Phosphoric acid fuel cells -- 12.3.5 Proton exchange membrane fuel cells -- 12.3.6 Fuel cell performance -- 12.4 High temperature fuel cells -- 12.4.1 Direct carbon fuel cells -- 12.4.2 Molten carbonate fuel cells -- 12.4.3 Solid oxide fuel cells -- 12.5 Fuel cells challenges and limitations -- 12.6 Fuel cells in transportation -- 12.7 Fuel cells efficiency evaluation -- Exercises -- References -- 13 Hydrogen energy economic feasibility.
13.1 Fundamentals of energy economics -- 13.1.1 Net cash flow -- 13.1.2 Royalties and taxes -- 13.1.3 Amortization and depreciation -- 13.1.4 Net present value estimations -- 13.2 Economic indicators -- 13.2.1 Payback period -- 13.2.2 Return on investment -- 13.2.3 Internal rate of return -- 13.2.4 Profitability index -- 13.3 Hydrogen economy -- 13.3.1 Small-scale applications -- 13.3.2 Large-scale applications -- 13.4 OPEX -- 13.5 Capital expenditures -- 13.6 Surface facilities costs -- 13.6.1 Pressure vessels -- 13.6.2 Liquid organic hydrogen carriers -- 13.6.3 Compressors -- 13.6.4 Other facilities -- 13.7 Wells reconstruction and drilling costs -- 13.8 Cushion gas costs -- 13.9 Cooling and heating costs -- 13.10 Gas holding costs -- 13.11 Transportation and mobilization costs -- 13.12 Hydrogen energy uncertainty and risk analysis -- Exercises -- AI Disclosure -- References -- 14 Environmental and social impacts -- 14.1 CO2 Emissions reduction through policies -- 14.2 Energy diversification and conservation policies -- 14.3 Hydrogen enabling regulations -- 14.3.1 Hydrogen polices and initiatives -- 14.3.1.1 Prior to 21st century -- 14.3.1.2 Early 2000s -- 14.3.1.3 During 2010s -- 14.3.1.4 Early 2020s -- 14.3.2 Strategic framework for hydrogen storage -- 14.3.3 Innovation-driven policies for hydrogen production -- 14.3.4 Market dynamics of hydrogen development -- 14.4 Social maturity and awareness -- AI disclosure -- References -- 15 Current and future hydrogen storage scope -- 15.1 Technology readiness gap in hydrogen cells -- 15.2 Realistic future scheme -- 15.2.1 Hydrogen merges versus time -- 15.2.2 Hydrogen energy demand -- 15.2.3 Major obstacles and challenges -- 15.3 Hydrogen resource and technical challenges -- 15.4 Economics and cost for the end-user -- 15.5 Transition from fossil fuel to hydrogen energy dependency.
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