Contents:2.3.3 Sustaining theWater Resource: Depletion and Pollution Concerns2.3.4 Sustaining Biological Resources: Biodiversity; 2.4 Managing Switchgrass for Bioenergy and Sustainability; 2.4.1 Description, Adaptations, and Selection; 2.4.2 Establishment; 2.4.3 Fertility in an Agroecological and Sustainability Context; 2.4.4 Mechanization, Storage, and Hauling; 2.4.5 Demands of a Bioenergy Industry; 2.5 Conclusions; References; 3 Sugarcane as an Alternative Source of Sustainable Energy; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Energy Expenses in Sugarcane Production.
2.2.1 Energy In: Energy Out (Is Making Biofuel from Switchgrass Energetically Feasible?)2.2.2 Economic Tipping Points (Is Making Biofuel from Switchgrass Economically Feasible?); 2.2.3 Using Value-added Products to Shift the Tipping Point; 2.2.4 Farmer and Factory Relationships: Getting the Ball Rolling; 2.2.5 Ethical/Social/Fairness Dimensions of the Sustainability; 2.3 Ecological/Environmental/Resource Considerations of the Sustainability; 2.3.1 Sustaining the Soil Resource; 2.3.2 Sustaining the Air Resource: GHGs and Climate.
3.6.5 Detoxification of Cellulosic and Hemicellulosic Hydrolysates3.6.6 Fermentation of Sugars from Sugarcane Biomass into Ethanol; 3.6.7 Pyrolysis of Sugarcane Biomass; 3.7 Conclusions; References; 4 Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) as a NewBiofuel Feedstock for Semi-arid and Arid Regions and Its Agro-ecological Sustainability Issues; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Systematics and Global Distribution; 4.3 Vegetative Growth and Sexual Reproduction; 4.4 Optimal and Sub-optimal Climate and Growth Conditions; 4.5 Propagation; 4.6 Uses and Abuses of JCL; 4.6.1 Traditional Non-fuel Uses.
3.3 Nutrient and Fertilizer Expenditures of Sugarcane3.4 Sugarcane Bagasse: A Sustainable Energy Resource; 3.4.1 Electricity Generation from Bagasse; 3.4.2 Reduction in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions; 3.4.3 Bagasse-based Byproducts and Future Energy Assessment; 3.5 Sugarcane Trash: A Potential Biomass for Sustainable Energy; 3.6 Sugarcane Biomass for Biofuel Production; 3.6.1 Chemical Composition of Sugarcane Biomass; 3.6.2 Conversion of Sugarcane Biomass into Ethanol; 3.6.3 Pretreatment of Sugarcane Biomass; 3.6.4 Enzymatic Hydrolysis/Saccharification of the Cellulosic Fraction.
4.6.2 Feedstock for Biofuels.
List of Contributors; List of Abbreviations; Preface; Contents; Part I Introduction; 1 The Sustainable Biofuels Paradigm; 1.1 Biofuels: Opportunities and Challenges; 1.1.1 From Fossil Fuels to 1st Generation Biofuels; 1.1.2 A Case for 2nd and 3rd Generation Biofuels; 1.2 The Sustainability Paradigm and Biofuels; References; Part II Biofuel Crop Models; 2 Switchgrass for Bioenergy: Agro-ecological Sustainability; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 Switchgrass-A Short History of and the Case for Its Use as a Biofuel Feedstock; 2.2 Energetic and Economic Considerations in Sustainability.