Laser beam scintillation with applications / Larry C. Andrews, Ronald L. Phillips, Cynthia Y. Hopen

Von:

Andrews, Larry C [aut]

Mitwirkende(r):

Resource type: Ressourcentyp: Buch (Online)Buch (Online)Sprache: Englisch Reihen: SPIE press monograph ; 99Verlag: Bellingham, Wash. <1000 20th St. Bellingham WA 98225-6705 USA> : SPIE, 2001Beschreibung: 1 online resource (xix, 375 p. : ill.)ISBN:

9780819478511
0819441031
9780819441034

Schlagwörter:

Andere physische Formen: 0819441031. | 9780819441034. | Erscheint auch als: Kein Titel Druck-AusgabeDDC-Klassifikation:

535.3
535/.3 21

LOC-Klassifikation:

QC389

DOI: DOI: 10.1117/3.412858Online-Ressourcen:

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Andere physische Formen: Also available in print version.Zusammenfassung: Renewed interest in laser communication systems has sparked development of useful new analytic models. This book discusses optical scintillation and its impact on system performance in free-space optical communication and laser radar applications, with a detailed look at propagation phenomena and the role of scintillation on system behavior. Intended for practicing engineers, scientists, and studentsZusammenfassung: Chapter 2. Modeling optical scintillation -- Introduction -- Background on scintillation -- Models for refractive index fluctuations -- Physical model for amplitude fluctuations -- The modulation process -- Modified Rytov theory -- Scintillation index model -- Spatial filter functions -- Inner-scale effects -- Outer-scale effects -- Distribution models for the irradiance -- Lognormal distribution -- K distribution -- Lognormal-Rician distribution -- Gamma-gamma distribution -- References -- Chapter 3. Theory of scintillation: plane wave model -- Introduction -- Zero inner scale model -- Effective Kolmogorov spectrum -- Nonzero inner scale model -- Effective atmospheric spectrum -- Outer-scale effects -- Covariance function of irradiance -- Zero inner scale model -- Nonzero inner scale model -- Temporal spectrum -- Zero inner scale model -- Nonzero inner scale model -- Gamma-gamma distribution -- Comparison with simulation data -- ReferencesZusammenfassung: Chapter 4. Theory of scintillation: spherical wave model -- Introduction -- Zero inner scale model -- Effective Kolmogorov spectrum -- Nonzero inner scale model -- Effective atmospheric spectrum -- Outer-scale effects -- Comparison with experimental data -- Covariance function of irradiance -- Gamma-gamma distribution -- Comparison with simulation data -- References -- Chapter 5. Theory of scintillation: Gaussian-beam wave model -- Introduction -- Radial component -- Effective beam parameters -- Asymptotic theory for the longitudinal component -- Zero inner scale model -- Nonzero inner scale model -- Outer-scale effects -- Comparison with simulation data -- References -- Chapter 6. Aperture averaging -- Introduction -- ABCD matrix formulation -- Aperture averaging factor: plane wave -- Zero inner scale -- Nonzero inner scale -- Outer-scale effects -- Asymptotic analysis -- Aperture averaging factor: spherical wave -- Zero inner scale -- Nonzero inner scale -- Outer-scale effects -- Comparison with experimental data -- Asymptotic analysis -- Aperture averaging factor: Gaussian-beam wave -- Zero inner scale -- Nonzero inner scale -- Outer-scale effects -- Temporal spectrum of irradiance fluctuations -- ReferencesZusammenfassung: Chapter 9. Laser radar systems: scintillation of return waves -- Introduction -- Review of basic radar principles -- Range and Doppler-frequency shift -- Classification of targets -- Laser radar configuration -- Gaussian beam parameters -- Statistical characteristics of illumination beam -- Backscatter amplification effect -- Scintillation index -- Unresolved small target: spherical wave model -- Backscatter amplification effect -- Scintillation index: bistatic channel -- Scintillation index: monostatic channel -- Unresolved small target: Gaussian-beam wave model -- Backscatter amplification effect -- Scintillation index: bistatic channel -- Scintillation index: monostatic channel -- Finite diffuse surface: spherical wave model -- Backscatter amplification effect -- Scintillation index, part I -- Scintillation index, part II -- Threshold detection -- Direct detection -- Coherent detection -- Aperture averaging -- Experimental data for EG array receivers -- Data analysis for a single aperture: point target -- Data analysis for a single aperture: diffuse target -- Multiple apertures: diffuse target -- ReferencesZusammenfassung: Chapter 10. Laser radar systems: imaging through -- Turbulence -- Introduction -- Review of linear shift-invariant systems -- Fourier transform analysis -- Coherent imaging systems -- Shift-invariance -- Impulse response and coherent transfer functions -- Incoherent imaging systems -- Targets -- Point spread function and modulation transfer function -- Target resolution -- Atmospheric effects -- Laser imaging radar -- Unresolved small target -- Total MTF of return wave -- Scintillation index of return wave -- Single pixel signal-to-noise ratio -- Finite rough target -- Propagation path characteristics -- Statistical model for target -- Total MTF of return wave -- Scintillation index of return wave -- Single pixel signal-to-noise ratio -- References -- IndexZusammenfassung: Part II. Applications -- Chapter 7. Laser communication systems -- Introduction -- Direct detection optical receivers -- Threshold detection in the absence of atmospheric turbulence -- Frequency of fades and surges -- Threshold detection in the presence of atmospheric turbulence -- Coherent detection optical receivers -- Threshold detection in the absence of atmospheric turbulence -- Frequency of fades and surges -- Threshold detection in the presence of atmospheric turbulence -- Spatial diversity receivers -- Array receivers in direct detection -- Aperture averaging -- Linear combining methods for coherent detection -- EG array receivers in coherent detection -- Bit error-rate (BER) performance -- Direct detection binary baseband signaling -- Coherent detection digital signaling -- References -- Chapter 8. Fade statistics for lasercom systems -- Introduction -- Probability of fade models -- Expected number of fades -- Lognormal model -- Gamma model -- Gamma-gamma model -- Terrestrial lasercom link -- Probability of fade -- Mean fade time -- Uplink/downlink slant paths -- Atmospheric model for Cn2 -- Spatial filter models -- Downlink from a satellite: plane wave model -- Scintillation index -- Covariance function -- Probability of fade -- Uplink to a satellite: spherical wave model -- Scintillation index -- Covariance function -- Probability of fade -- ReferencesZusammenfassung: Part I. Scintillation models -- Chapter 1. Optical wave propagation in random media: background review -- Introduction -- Optical properties of the atmosphere -- Atmospheric structure with altitude -- Absorption and scattering -- Optical turbulence -- Power spectrum models -- Gaussian-beam wave model -- Transmitter and receiver beam parameters -- Wave propagation in random media: methods of analysis -- Rytov approximation -- Extended Huygens-Fresnel principle -- Mutual coherence function: weak fluctuations -- Spatial coherence radius -- Mean irradiance -- Angle-of-arrival and image dancing -- Beam wander -- Mutual coherence function: strong fluctuations -- Mean irradiance -- Spatial coherence radius -- Effective beam parameters -- Scintillation index and covariance function -- Scintillation index: weak fluctuations -- Scintillation index: strong fluctuations -- Covariance function: weak fluctuations -- Aperture averaging of scintillation: weak fluctuations -- Paraxial ABCD optical systems -- Generalized Huygens-Fresnel integral -- Gaussian lens -- Image plane -- Double-passage waves -- Gaussian mirror -- Mutual coherence function -- Covariance function and scintillation index -- ReferencesPPN: PPN: 1018189599Package identifier: Produktsigel: ZDB-50-SPI

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