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Neural control of blood pressure and body temperature during heat stress / Zachary J. Schlader, Nisha Charkoudian

By: Contributor(s): Resource type: Ressourcentyp: Buch (Online)Book (Online)Language: English Series: Colloquium series on integrated systems physiology ; # 81Publisher: [San Rafael, California] : Morgan & Claypool, 2018Description: 1 Online-Ressource (1 PDF (viii, 96 pages))ISBN:
  • 9781615047796
Subject(s): Additional physical formats: 9781615047802. | 9781615047789. | Erscheint auch als: 9781615047789 Druck-AusgabeDDC classification:
  • 536
LOC classification:
  • QP82.2.H4
NLM classification:
  • WD 610
Online resources: Summary: 10. Countermeasures for improving orthostatic tolerance during heat stress --Summary: 2. Heat stress and orthostatic tolerance -- 2.1 Heat stress defined -- 2.2 Heat stress impairs orthostatic tolerance --Summary: 3. Autonomic control of cardiovascular function -- 3.1 Measuring the activity of the autonomic nervous system in humans --Summary: 4. Thermoregulation during heat stress -- 4.1 Human temperature regulation -- 4.2 Sensors of body temperature -- 4.2.1 Central thermosensors -- 4.2.2 Peripheral thermosensors -- 4.3 Central nervous system integration -- 4.4 Heat balance and thermoregulatory responses during heat stress -- 4.4.1 Skin blood flow: cutaneous vasodilation -- 4.4.2 Sweating --Summary: 6. Cardiac output and blood flow redistribution during heat stress -- 6.1 Cardiac output during heat stress -- 6.1.1 Heart rate -- 6.1.2 Stroke volume -- 6.1.3 The Frank-Starling relationship during heat stress -- 6.1.4 Cardiac contractility during heat stress -- 6.2 Cardiac output redistribution during heat stress -- 6.2.1 Splanchnic and renal blood flow -- 6.2.2 Muscle blood flow --Summary: 8. Control of cerebral perfusion during heat stress -- 8.1 Heat stress decreases brain blood flow -- 8.2 Mechanisms of heat stress-induced reductions in cerebral perfusion -- 8.2.1 Perfusion pressure -- 8.2.2 Partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide -- 8.2.3 sympathetic activation -- 8.3 Regional cerebral perfusion during heat stress -- 8.4 Cerebral perfusion and orthostatic tolerance during heat stress --Summary: Environmental heat stress is associated with a marked decrease in orthostatic tolerance (OT), which is defined as the ability to stand or sit upright without symptoms of dizziness, light-headedness, presyncope, or fainting. In most healthy humans, the autonomic nervous system makes rapid and balanced adjustments to heart rate and peripheral blood flow, such that most people are able to stand up "successfully" most of the time, in most environments. The goal of this book is to discuss various aspects of the sympathetic neural response to heat stress, how the sympathetic nervous system coordinates the successful integrative physiological response to orthostasis, and what happens when it encounters both challenges simultaneously. We include overviews of mechanisms of thermoregulation and blood pressure regulation in humans, with particular focus on control of cardiac output and neurovascular control mechanisms during heat stress. We discuss the implications that these changes have for distribution of peripheral blood flow and, in particular, for blood flow to the cerebral circulation. The added stressor of dehydration is also discussed, as it so often goes hand in hand with heat stress. We end with a brief presentation of countermeasures against the decreases in OT with heat stressPPN: PPN: 1030217076Package identifier: Produktsigel: ZDB-4-NLEBK
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